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Lowest Lethal Dose, Human LCLo: 50 ppm/30 min.
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Inhalation Exposure – Inhalation of hydrofluoric acid vapors may cause severe throat irritation, cough, dyspnea, cyanosis, lung injury and pulmonary edema resulting in death.Rectal administration has caused acute colitis with perforation. Oral Exposure – Ingestion may result in vomiting and abdominal pain painful necrotic lesions, hemorrhagic gastritis, and pancreatitis have been reported after significant exposure.Fume exposure commonly causes eye irritation and can also cause ocular injury. Eye Exposure – May result in severe ocular damage with concentrations greater than 0.5%.Hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia, hyperkalemia (potassium), pulmonary edema, metabolic acidosis, ventricular arrhythmias, and death are possible. Systemic Toxicity– Systemic fluoride toxicity may result from ingestion, inhalation, or extensive dermal burns.Health Hazard Data: Other Routes of Exposure CAUTION: Avoid administering large volumes of subcutaneous calcium gluconate as this will result in decreased tissue perfusion and potential necrosis.ĭO NOT USE CALCIUM CHLORIDE – Calcium chloride is irritating to the tissues and may cause injury. The earlier this is administered, the more rapidly symptoms resolve. Split or remove nails to treat nail bed burns. Infiltrate each square centimeter of affected dermis and subcutaneous tissue with about 0.5 mL of 10% CALCIUM GLUCONATE using a 30 gauge needle. Consider infiltration with CALCIUM GLUCONATE if (1) exposure results in immediate tissue damage or (2) erythema and pain persist following adequate irrigation. Use calcium gluconate for dermal treatment only.Ĭalcium Gluconate Infiltration – (Medical Assistance) – Continued tissue destruction and pain may be minimized by subcutaneous administration of calcium gluconate. This therapy is more easily administered and less painful than infiltration. Immediately wash all exposed areas with copious amounts of water.Ĭalcium Gluconate or Carbonate Gel – Application of 2.5 to 33% calcium gluconate or carbonate gel or slurry, either placed into a surgical glove into which the affected extremity is then placed, or rubbed into the burn, is recommended. CONCENTRATIONS GREATER THAN 50% – Produces immediate burning, erythema, and tissue damage.ĭecontamination – Remove all exposed clothing taking necessary precautions to prevent self- exposure.CONCENTRATIONS 20 TO 50% – Erythema and pain may be delayed from 1 to 8 hours, and is often not reported until tissue damage is extreme.In one study, 7% HF produced symptoms in 1 to several hours, 12% HF in less than one hour, and 14.5% HF immediately. CONCENTRATIONS LESS THAN 20% – Erythema and pain may be delayed up to 24 hours, often not reported until tissue damage is extreme.Severity and rapidity of onset of signs and symptoms depends on the concentration, duration of exposure, and penetrability of the exposed tissue. Health Hazard Data: Dermal Exposureĭermal Exposure – HF is an inorganic acid that is highly corrosive and readily penetrates the skin, causing deep tissue layer destruction. A Ceiling value should never be exceeded for even an “instantaneous” exposure period. A STEL value is a 15-minute TWA exposure that should not be exceeded at any time during a workday. NOTE: A TWA concentration is for an 8-hour workday (ACGIH-TLV, OSHA-PEL) and up to a 10-hour workday (NIOSH-REL) during a 40-hour workweek. IDLH VALUE: (Immediately Dangerous To Life and Health): 30 ppm.8-Hour Time Weighted Average (TWA): 3 ppm (2.3 mg/m 3).NIOSH Recommended Exposure Limit (REL) : (NIOSH, 1996) 8-Hour Time Weighted Average (TWA): 3 ppm.OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) : Listed as Hydrogen fluoride (as F) (OSHA, 1996a) TLV Ceiling value based on irritation with possible burns and effects to bone, teeth, and fluorosis.8-Hour Time Weighted Average (TWA): Not Listed.
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ACGIH Threshold Limit Value (TLV) : Listed as Hydrogen fluoride, as F: (ACGIH, 2000)